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\begin{document}
\title{AS5 Subtitle Format Draft}
\author{Rodrigo Braz Monteiro, Niels Martin Hansen, David Lamparter}
\spectitle


\section{Abstract}
This document specifies the \emph{AS5 subtitle format}, developed jointly by the
Aegisub\cite{Aegisub} and asa\cite{asa} teams in order to replace the old
\emph{Sub Station Alpha}\cite{SSA} subtitle format and its extensions:

\begin{itemize}
\item Advanced Sub Station Alpha (ASS) implemented by VSFilter\cite{VSFilter}
\item Advanced Sub Station Alpha 2 (ASS2), also implemented by VSFilter
\item Advanced Sub Station Alpha 3 (ASS3) implemented by equinox.
\end{itemize}

The goal is to create a flexible, easy to understand and powerful subtitle format
that can be used in hardsubs or multiplexed into Matroska Video\cite{mkv} files as
softsubs.


\section{File Structure}
\subsection{File Format}
All AS5 files are \emph{REQUIRED} to comply with the three requirements below:

\begin{itemize}
\item Be encoded with one of \emph{UTF-8}\cite{UTF-8}, \emph{UTF-16 Big Endian}
\cite{UTF-16} or \emph{UTF-16 Little Endian} Unicode Transformation Formats. UTF-8 is
preffered.
\item Not to have any character below Unicode code point U+20, except for U+09, U+0A, U+0D.
That is, it must be a plain-text file.
\item All lines must end with Windows line endings, that is, U+0D followed by U+0A.
\end{itemize}

The character set of a subtitle file can be autodetermined by its Byte-Order Mark or by
the value of the first four bytes. See below.

\subsection{File Structure}
The file is divided in \emph{sections}, which are uniquely identified by a string inside
square brackets, in a line of its own. From that point on, every next line is considered
to be part of the last found section until another section is found. There is no end-of-section
termination mark; they always end at the start of the next one or at the end of the file.

\subsubsection{[AS5]}
This must be the first section in every AS5 file. If the very first line of the file is not
[AS5], the file \emph{MUST} be rejected by the parser as invalid. Note, however, that the first
line is allowed to contain a Byte-Order Mark (BOM), which is the character U+FEFF encoded in
the encoding used for the rest of the script. The first four bytes will therefore be:

\begin{itemize}
\item 0xEF 0xBB 0xBF 0x5B - UTF-8 (with BOM)
\item 0x5B 0x41 0x53 0x53 - UTF-8 (without BOM)
\item 0xFF 0xFE 0x5B 0x00 - UTF-16 LE (with BOM)
\item 0x5B 0x00 0x41 0x00 - UTF-16 LE (without BOM)
\item 0xFE 0xFF 0x00 0x5B - UTF-16 BE (with BOM)
\item 0x00 0x5B 0x00 0x41 - UTF-16 BE (without BOM)
\end{itemize}

\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{References}
\begin{thebibliography}{1}

\bibitem{Aegisub} Rodrigo Braz Monteiro, Niels Martin Hansen, David Lamparter et al., Aegisub. Application, 2005-2007.\\
\url{http://www.aegisub.net/}

\bibitem{asa} David Lamparter, asa. Application, 2004-2007.\\
\url{http://asa.diac24.net/}

\bibitem{SSA} Kotus, Sub Station Alpha. Website, 1997-2003.\\
\url{http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.eswat.demon.co.uk/substation.html}

\bibitem{ASS} \#Anime-Fansubs, Advanced Sub Station Alpha.\\
\url{http://www.anime-fansubs.org}\\
\url{http://moodub.free.fr/video/ass-specs.doc}

\bibitem{VSFilter} Gabest, VSFilter. Application, 2003-2007.\\
\url{http://sourceforge.net/projects/guliverkli/}

\bibitem{ASS3} David Lamparter, Advanced Sub Station Alpha 3. Website, 2007.\\
\url{http://asa.diac24.net/ass3.pdf}

\bibitem{mkv} The Matroska project.\\
\url{http://www.matroska.org/}

\bibitem{UTF-8} The Internet Society, RFC 3629, "`UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646"'. Website, 2003.\\
\url{http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3629}

\bibitem{UTF-16} The Internet Society, RFC 2781, "`UTF-16, an encoding of ISO 10646"'. Website, 2000.\\
\url{http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2781}

\end{thebibliography}

\end{document}